The Force Intervention Brigade – A reading list

Debates among analysts

1. The UN Intervention Brigade in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gen. Patrick Cammaert and Fiona Blyth, International Peace Institute, 2013.
2. UN’s elite force raises the stakes in DRC, Carol Jean Gallo and Christoph Vogel, Al Jazeera, July 16, 2013.
3. DRC: Assessing the performance of MONUSCO’s Force Intervention Brigade, African Arguments, Christoph Vogel, 14 July 2014.
4. The Intervention Brigade: Legal Issues for the UN in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Scott Sheeran and Stephanie Case for the International Peace Institute,
   November 2014.
5. Is the Force Intervention Brigade neutral? Institute for Security Studies, 27 November 2014.
6. On the issues of drones used by FIB, I recommend you take a look at a 2014 joint NGO letter here, here and here.
7. For a critical analysis of ‘Islands of Stability’ – following military operations – see the discussion by Christoph Vogel.

Concerns by humanitarians

Several NGOs including NRC, MSF, Oxfam, Refugees International, CAFOD have issued concerns about the FIB.

1. NRC warns against excessive faith in new force, Olivia Kallis for Norwegian Refugee Council, April 26, 2013.
2. Joint NGO letter to U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, “Progress Needed in DRC,” May 28, 2013.
3. Bertrand Perrochet, “MSF accuse l’ONU d’entretenir la confusion à l’Est,” Direct.cd, July 5, 2013.
4. DR Congo unrest: Fears over UN intervention, Mark Doyle, BBC News, July 25, 2013.
5. Oxfam reaction to UN announcement on the enforcement of a security zone and call for disarmament in Goma and Sake, Oxfam International Press release, July 31, 2013.
6. Escalating violence in DR Congo pushes humanitarian situation to crisis point, Catholic Agency for Overseas Development, August 9, 2013.

Rebel groups

• For an overview of FARDC/FIB operations against ADF, APCLS and FDLR, see my reporting here, here, and here.
• For a current comprehensive mapping of armed groups, see here.